Glimpse of Toxicology

                    Toxicology, the study of toxins, chemicals and what they do to the body , Pharmacodynamics would be study of what drugs do to the body, Pharmacokinetics would be the drug or substance’s fate when in the body. Although taken under different subjects, they seemingly have relationship with one another. Clinical, Forensic and Industrial are just some of the Branches of toxicology.
 

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 Based on experience growing up, I learned that plants could be medicinal sources and that some traditional medication comes from plants. An image of an Oregano plant which in our province is used to cure head-aches by application on to the skin. Whether or not the juices from the leaves are actually absorbed by the body, I am unsure, but in my experience it is somewhat effective.

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The above image is of a Guava tree/Plant with fruits, the fruits are said to be nutritious while the leaves may be used in healing wounds and other traditional medicinal purposes. The Chemicals within the plant are organic and it whatever possible side effects there are from eating too much is unknown to me.
          
                  I was told that anything that enters your body is poisonous, and that the dose is what differentiates poison from what is not, the line of course being taken from the words of Paracelsus. During the time I was enrolled in Pharmacology class There was a study of different drugs and their effects on the human body.

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Some of the classes of drugs are as listed below.

!. Stimulants: Drugs that may keep you up, my personal favorite would be caffeine, as a stimulant and a diuretic, this helps in keeping you up while burning the midnight oil.

                                     
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2. Hallucinogens: Drugs that make take to other worlds with the use of illusions, or something like that, hallucinogens may make great antisepctics, but they could mess you up really badly. Depending on whether they are Deliriants, Dissociatives or Psychedelics.

3. Sedatives, hypnotics: Drugs that can literally knock you out like Tranquillizers, my personal favorite is Rohypnol (Date rape drug), it’s not that I want to use it on anyone but the effects are really strong, it’s known to cause black outs and effects that could make one feel like having an overnight amnesia.


Industries may have formed ways on how to consume drugs but may have the potential to cause harm depending on doze. You may try the video as posted below.

 

Video source. 

Drugs were also classified by schedule, or a class that would require a medic special authority to be able to prescribe to someone.

Schedule 1. Drugs which are said to be highly abused and have little or no medical importance includes drugs that may cause dependency like Heroin. However, due to it’s potency in relieving sever pain, Heroin has potential use for heavy injury pain relief.

Schedule 2. Drugs that do have medical use but can cause user dependency, drugs like Morphine can be used as a strong anesthetic. Cocaine is said to have been a strong cure for tooth-ache.

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Schedule 3. Drugs like barbiturates although medical utilities have moderate dependency rates but when Codeine was incorporated to cough syrup at one time, people were said to be buying cough syrup even when they didn't have a cough.

Schedule 4. Drugs that are used in the medical field and have low abuse as well as low dependency rates.


You may watch the video fro information on toxicology.

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Toxicology in my thought would bee the determination of hazardous effects of substances introduced into the body including their harmful mechanisms or actions in the system.


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Information is also taken from Basic Pharmacology and Basic Pharmacology Class Lectures.

First post this SEM

         In my experience with endocrinology it's a study of what goes on with the body's endocrine system. The endocrine system involves the study of what is produced by Glands. Endocrine glands do not have ducts and spill produce directly into the blood stream. unlike Exocrine glands which have ducts.

Although the Endocrine system is a familiar topic that has been pointed out in both Elementary and High school, Further clarification is given in college.
       
 The study of the Endocrine system and It's products which are "Hormones" (Initiators) and "Enzymes" (Catalysts) are integrated under the Subject "Clinical Chemistry) within the course of Clinical Laboratory Science.

 Some Enzymes in my experience were introduced in Psychology class wherein the Brain's function is also studied and involves Hormones and Enzymes. Human Anatomy and Physiology is also another subject in which I've encountered the study of the Endocrine system.
       
  "I like you from the bottom of my Hypothalamus" a saying I usually hear from people who understand that the heart is not responsible for emotion but for pumping blood. In the span of study, I've also realized that the Master Gland is also directed by the Hypothalamus.

From common knowledge that the pancreas produces insulin and Glucagon to not so common T3, and T4 of the Thyroid hormone, The study of the endocrine system has proved to be good at clarifying many questions I used to have as a child. I was familiar With Diabetes but found it unclear until the study of Insulin and other functions within the Endocrine system was discussed in a class.

For possible clarification kindly try the video below, if you want to.

      

 

 Video credit:

        As a learner in my younger years I learned of Adrenaline and Adrenocorticotropic Hormones from an Encyclopedia set i had, I learned that Adrenaline and Noradrenaline were used in special cases that required the human body to spend more energy than usual an example would be being in peril.

Enzymes are very specific, or so I learned, they also come in small amounts which as told, is why their activity is measured instead of concentration, Hormones such as Testosterone and Estrogen are responsible for sex traits.

 I once encountered Estrogen (Correct me if I'm at fault) is responsible for the end of growth in height, it was once pointed out that this was the reason why females matured faster than males but stopped earlier than males as well.

      i'm expecting to assimilate or gather new knowledge as I come along the way of the course and continue studies on the rest of the endocrine functions, my knowledge is limited but hopefully will clear with time.